BIOLOGY

The best example of the successful task of the vaccination is the elimination of smallpox.In 1960 lately there were 15 million cases of small pox with in 33 different countries occured annually.In 1956 and by 1977 the last report of smallpox was recorded in Somalia according to the programmes started by the World Health Organization(WHO) in that years.After 1977 the disease was effictively extint.The virus is still kept in secure lab in Russia and USA, although there have been calls for last samples to be destroyed.
Following are the successful factors for the eradication of smallpox:

• Virus did not keep changing it's surface antigenes, so the vaccines remained highly and more effictive some of organisms live those which cause malaria and influenza ocasionally change their antigenes by the mutation, thus fooling immune system of those who have developed antibodies against them as the result of vaccination or infection.
• To work in sub-tropical and tropical climate heat stable vaccine was developen.
• By the scratch techniques on arm, the vaccine was easy to administer.Therefore assistants or worker could easily be trained.
• Vaccine was very much effective and reliable.

• Victims were easily identified
• There was reward programme who report new case.

• In final stage of eradication ring vaccination was used whereby everyone to the sign of infection was vaccinated.
• Until there were any non-infectious suffers were kept in isolation.
• Efforts were made to traceout all contacts of those with the disease.
• Travel of those people were strictly restrict who had not been vaccinated.
  

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